With the advent of the 1841 – 1901 census being indexed and available online using a process of elimination is now becoming an even more important tool than before for genealogists. Let me give you an example…..
John Southwell marries Susannah Clark at St Mary’s Hornsey in 1829, they are both described as “of this parish”, they have children; Mary Ann, George and Henry and then one day at their home in Queens Head Walk, Shoreditch when they were just settling down to some bread, cheese and small beer there is a knock at the door announcing the census enumerator. This stranger asks for their names, ages, occupations and if they were born in or out of the county in which they are now living. John says he wasn’t born in Middlesex, but everyone else was, his occupation is a leather dresser and he is the only one who is in employment in the household because the children are too young.
Ten years pass and the family have moved to Bermondsey centre of the leather trade and John & Susannah have added another two children to their brood. This time the arrival of the census enumerator marks a change he wants to know more information than last time and in greater detail. When it comes to where everyone was born John gives Norfolk at his place of birth, Susannah gives Hornsey and all the children were born in Hoxton.
More than a century later along comes their 2 x great grand daughter and she is pleased that she has discovered them in the 1851 census, but where exactly in Norfolk was John born? This is where the online census and a process of elimination comes in.
Susannah dies in 1852, but no death can be found for John so the hunt is on to find him in the 1861 census. A search on Ancestry for a John Southwell born about 1804 give or take five years brings up 10 entries. None of them give Norfolk as their place of birth, none of them were in the leather trade and most of them had children whose names didn’t coincide with those of my John Southwell. I hadn’t narrowed the search to Norfolk because experience had taught me that my ancestors can change their minds from one census to the next as to where they were born!
I decided to search the 1871 census for John Southwell using the same birth parameters, this time there were ten candidates to be looked at. Some I recognized from before and I could eliminate them immediately. Amongst the ten were 2 born in Norfolk, one I had met before in the previous census, but he had been happily married and having children in Wisbech, Cambridgeshire whilst my John had been doing the same in London. The other was living in Wisbech Work House and was born in 1804 at Walsoken Norfolk, did he belong to me?
Going back to the 1861 census and searching for a Southwell, no first name, born in Walsoken brought up this chap I. Southwell. An inspection of the actual census page showed that this was indeed a transcribers error, an easy one to make, but an error never the less. The “I” was in fact a “J” and this person was an inmate of Wisbech Work House. The enumerator had been confused about what to put in the relationship column and had put father, then crossed it out and written pauper inmate. Below J Southwell entry was another Southwell, this time it was a C Southwell, daughter crossed out and replaced with pauper inmate, aged 14 years, a scholar and born in Walsoken. Was this my John’s daughter Charlotte? The age was correct, but place of birth should have been Hoxton, Shoreditch or even just London. If this was my John then had he given his daughters place of birth as Walsoken because he wanted to keep her in the same work house as himself or was it an assumption of the enumerator or work house official?
I went on and found John Southwell in the 1881 census, it seemed that once he entered the Walsoken Workhouse he didn’t leave. I can’t find him in the 1891 or 1901 census so it would seem as if he has died. A search of the GRO death indexes on Ancestry.co.uk gave me 3 possible deaths of a John Southwell, none of them have exactly the right age, but all are within give or take 6 years.
My next steps are to locate and inspect the Wisbech Union Workhouse records to see if the admission records have survived and what they say about J & C Southwell on their admission to the workhouse.
If I hadn’t had access to indexed census records and scans of the originals I wouldn’t have been able to eliminate the John Southwell’s throughout the country that obviously had been married and having children when my John was married to Susannah and raising their family. I would have been able to narrow down the search to age range and place of birth. Having the GRO indexes online meant that I could search for deaths for the John Southwell at Wisbech.
All this without leaving home, isn’t the internet great?!!